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Hope this helps: from the mysql manual online
If you encounter Access denied errors when you try to connect to the MySQL server, the following list indicates some courses of action you can take to correct the problem:
After installing MySQL, did you run the mysql_install_db script to set up the initial grant table contents? If not, do so. See section 4.3.4 Setting Up the Initial MySQL Privileges. Test the initial privileges by executing this command:
shell> mysql -u root test
The server should let you connect without error. You should also make sure you have a file `user.MYD' in the MySQL database directory. Ordinarily, this is `PATH/var/mysql/user.MYD', where PATH is the pathname to the MySQL installation root.
After a fresh installation, you should connect to the server and set up your users and their access permissions:
shell> mysql -u root mysql
The server should let you connect because the MySQL root user has no password initially. That is also a security risk, so setting the root password is something you should do while you're setting up your other MySQL users. If you try to connect as root and get this error:
Access denied for user: '@unknown' to database mysql
this means that you don't have an entry in the user table with a User column value of 'root' and that mysqld cannot resolve the hostname for your client. In this case, you must restart the server with the --skip-grant-tables option and edit your `/etc/hosts' or `\windows\hosts' file to add an entry for your host.
If you get an error like the following:
shell> mysqladmin -u root -pxxxx ver
Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using password: YES)
It means that you are using a wrong password. See section 4.3.7 Setting Up Passwords. If you have forgot the root password, you can restart mysqld with --skip-grant-tables to change the password. See section A.4.2 How to Reset a Forgotten Root Password. If you get the above error even if you haven't specified a password, this means that you a wrong password in some my.ini file. See section 4.1.2 `my.cnf' Option Files. You can avoid using option files with the --no-defaults option, as follows:
shell> mysqladmin --no-defaults -u root ver
If you updated an existing MySQL installation from a version earlier than Version 3.22.11 to Version 3.22.11 or later, did you run the mysql_fix_privilege_tables script? If not, do so. The structure of the grant tables changed with MySQL Version 3.22.11 when the GRANT statement became functional.
If your privileges seem to have changed in the middle of a session, it may be that a superuser has changed them. Reloading the grant tables affects new client connections, but it also affects existing connections as indicated in section 4.3.3 When Privilege Changes Take Effect.
If you can't get your password to work, remember that you must use the PASSWORD() function if you set the password with the INSERT, UPDATE, or SET PASSWORD statements. The PASSWORD() function is unnecessary if you specify the password using the GRANT ... IDENTIFIED BY statement or the mysqladmin password command. See section 4.3.7 Setting Up Passwords.
localhost is a synonym for your local hostname, and is also the default host to which clients try to connect if you specify no host explicitly. However, connections to localhost do not work if you are using a MySQL version prior to 3.23.27 that uses MIT-pthreads (localhost connections are made using Unix sockets, which were not supported by MIT-pthreads at that time). To avoid this problem on such systems, you should use the --host option to name the server host explicitly. This will make a TCP/IP connection to the mysqld server. In this case, you must have your real hostname in user table entries on the server host. (This is true even if you are running a client program on the same host as the server.)
If you get an Access denied error when trying to connect to the database with mysql -u user_name db_name, you may have a problem with the user table. Check this by executing mysql -u root mysql and issuing this SQL statement:
mysql> SELECT * FROM user;
The result should include an entry with the Host and User columns matching your computer's hostname and your MySQL user name.
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