I've re-wrote the code for you, to make it work with 5 columns...
please note, if the total number is like 23, which can't be divided by 5, it will add more categories to the last column
Code:
$catArray = explode("</li>",wp_list_categories('title_li=&echo=0&depth=1'));
$catCount = count($catArray) - 1;
$catColumns = round($catCount / 5);
$catColumns_2 = $catColumns * 2;
$catColumns_3 = $catColumns * 3;
$catColumns_4 = $catColumns * 4;
$catColumns_5 = $catColumns * 5;
$i = 0;
foreach($catArray as $categories) {
if($i < $catColumns) {
$first_column .= $categories . "</li>";
$i++;
} elseif($i < $catColumns_2) {
$second_column .= $categories . "</li>";
$i++;
} elseif($i < $catColumns_3) {
$third_column .= $categories . "</li>";
$i++;
} elseif($i < $catColumns_4) {
$fourth_column .= $categories . "</li>";
$i++;
} else {
$fifth_column .= $categories . "</li>";
$i++;
} }
?>
<ul class="first">
<?php echo $first_column; ?>
</ul>
<ul class="second">
<?php echo $second_column; ?>
</ul>
<ul class="third">
<?php echo $third_column; ?>
</ul>
<ul class="fourth">
<?php echo $fourth_column; ?>
</ul>
<ul class="fifth">
<?php echo $fifth_column; ?>
</ul>
hope it's ok :P