long time ago (can't speak for europe) in poland there was term "private city" - if you were rich enough you could "bought" entire city from the crown for some time (from few years to xx years) what does it mean?
After paid to the crown your fee city was yours to setup/collect and own all taxes from all crafts there, it helped crown with covering some debts and the lucky guy who bought town grown rich at the time he own town.
city i live in (currently over 70k ppl) was private in the middleages for 3 years.
just interesting history fact ;)
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