Forkbeard |
02-10-2021 10:06 AM |
Quote:
Originally Posted by baddog
(Post 22819576)
I would guess it depends where in Alaska you are.
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This. It's 1400 miles from the Alaskan panhandle (think Pacific Northwest temperate coastal rainforest, like Seattle with a bit more snow) to Barrow (windswept barren coastal tundra on the Arctic Ocean, with polar bears). The heating system you have depends on your energy options and how rich you are, which are both related to where you live.
In the interior near the arctic circle, there's lots of firewood (boreal forest) and it's extremely expensive (few roads, navigable rivers don't go anywhere useful) to import bottled gas or fuel oil with which to heat or make electricity. So people burn wood, end of story. Usually that's in a fairly simple wood stove, or several such in a larger house. A few richies have "central wood heat" where the wood stove is more like a furnace and is in a basement (that's why you have to be rich, basements are expensive in places with permafrost) so that the heat can rise through vents throughout the house. Lots more people (who can't or won't cut firewood for various reasons) heat with heating oil similar to diesel fuel. This can be central heat with a furnace if you have electricity; thermostat on the wall like anywhere else and warm air comes out of ducts all over the house. Or there are fancy Japanese oil stoves that are superefficient and just sit in your living room with a cool-to-the-touch exhaust pipe that goes out through the wall. But if you're beyond the reach of the electrical grid, there are also old-fashioned oil heaters that work just like wood stoves except you don't have to feed them by hand.
That's all basically the same in urban Alaska except that burning wood is often illegal for air quality reasons, so you have to burn oil or bottled gas (there's very little, or no, piped natural gas distribution in Alaska). People tend toward good oil furnaces (central heat) or the Japanese stoves (not central) because they are the cheapest (still very expensive). Only poor people (renters in slumlord housing) use electric heat; it costs about three times as much and nobody chooses it except predatory landlords because it's cheap to put in electric baseboard heating and who cares if the tenants can't afford their heating bill?
What is NOT seen in Alaska (except for in a few old-fashioned government complexes like military bases or the University) is the Soviet-style steam heat that is all generated at a central heating plant (burning coal, fuel oil, or natural gas) and then piped from building to building throughout a town or a collection of related buildings. I can't really say why not, as it's the most efficient way to heat a lot of people in the far north. It probably comes back to transportation costs; the workers and pipes and insulation and materials to build steam tunnels or insulated above-ground utility corridors all cost a ton of money to import. Even if it pencils out over time as much cheaper, nobody in the USA is in a position to do the old Soviet central-planner thing of costing out the infrastructure over thirty or fifty years. If it's not cheaper in this calendar year, it won't happen. Next year's budgets and profits are a problem for next year.
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